作　　者： ; ; ; (董清福）; (洪丽娟）; (陈水华）;

机构地区： 浙江省台州市台金高速公路建设指挥部临海317000

出　　处： 《科技通报》 2007年第2期289-293,共5页

摘　　要： 高速公路的发展对带动区域经济的发展起着举足轻重的作用,但高速公路建设将不可避免地对沿途生态系统(尤其是其中的生物多样性及其功能)及地质状况产生方方面面的影响。本文论述了高速公路建设对自然生境、本土植物群落、野生动物等的影响,例举了高速公路建设在导致边坡裸露、诱发地质灾害、引起生物生境破碎、破坏生物生存系统连续性的负面影响,提出高速公路的建设可能导致路域生态系统生物组分发生改变从而引起群落演替方向发生改变和诱发大规模病虫害爆发,特别指出高速公路的建设和营运将对路域生态系统中野生动物的生活行为(包括觅食、迁徙及繁殖)乃至植物的传粉等均有可能会受到影响,指出生物廊道设计在维护路域生态系统生态学功能和系统稳定性方面的功能,提出生态高速公路建设必须高度重视生物廊道的新理念。在综述国内外高速公路生物廊道设计和结合作者亲身参与生态高速公路生物廊道设计的基础上,提出了生物廊道设计的原则。 Express highway plays a very important role in the development of regional economy. However, the development of express highway potentially induces significant impacts on the surrounding ecosystem, especially the biodiversity and their ecological function, and the induced potential geological disaster along the two sides of highway. The effects of express highway on natural habitat, native plant communities and wild animals were reviewed in this paper. The authors listed many cases to demonstrate the negative impacts caused by express highway construction and succedent running. The impacts include induction of bare slopes and landslips, fragmenta.tion of habitat, discontinuity and transformation of biological community, and possible erupt of pests and diseases. The expressway also disturb wildlife various behaviors such as food-searching, migration, mating and pollination. The roles, necessity and impendence of biological corridor in express highway was emphasized. The principle for biological corridor design was also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词： 高速公路 生物多样性 生物廊道设计

领　　域： [环境科学与工程] [生物学]