作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 河海大学

出　　处： 《水利学报》 2007年第2期191-197,共7页

摘　　要： 根据黑龙江省中心站和平试验站的现场试验资料,研究了寒区水稻不同生育阶段气孔阻力日变化、全生育期变化,分析了冠层内不同层次叶片气孔阻力垂直变化规律,探讨了气孔阻力与空气湿度、饱和水汽压差、土壤含水率、空气温度、叶室温度、叶气温差、光照等环境因素间的关系。采用偏最小二乘回归方法建立了气孔阻力对环境因子的响应模型。结果表明,不同生育期气孔阻力呈现不同的日变化规律。全生育期气孔阻力变化规律呈现多峰曲线,拔节孕穗期和抽穗开花前期气孔阻力值较小,而抽穗开花末期和乳熟期出现峰值。拔节孕穗期气孔阻力值从上层叶片向下层叶片逐渐增大,后期从上层到下层逐渐减小。对影响水稻气孔阻力的各因素进行因子分析,由空气湿度、饱和水汽压差和土壤含水率组成的“水分因子”为第一主因子,与气孔阻力相关性最为显著,而“温度因子”和“光照因子”对寒区水稻气孔阻力的影响则相对较小;水稻气孔阻力与相对湿度、土壤含水量、叶气温差和光强呈现负相关,与饱和水汽压差、温度呈现正相关。 Based on field experimental data of Heping Experiment Station in Heilongjiang Province, the disciplinarians of diurnal change and variation in whole growing season of rice stomatal resistance in cold district of China were studied and its vertical variation in different layers of canopy were analyzed as well. The relationships between stomatal resistance and temperature, leaf-air temperature difference, soil moisture, relative humidity, light intensity and vapor pressure deficit were discussed. The results show that the diurnal change disciplinarians of stomatal resistance are not the same in different growing stages. The variation in the whole growing season exhibits a relationship of polymodal curve. The stomatal resistance is small in the period of jointing-booting and earlier ear sprouting-boom, but it reaches the peak in the period of later ear sprouting-boom and milk. The stomatal resistance of rice leaves increases from upper layer to lower layer gradually in the period of jointing-booting, but in the later growing period it changes inversely. The factor analysis indicates that water plays the most important role, it included in the factors such as relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit and soil water. The influences of temperature and light are relatively small. The stomatal resistance is negatively correlated with relative humidity, soil moisture, leaf-air temperature difference and light intensity and positively correlated to vapor pressure deficit and temperature.

关 键 词： 寒区 节水灌溉 水稻气孔阻力 变化规律 因子分析 偏最小二乘回归

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]