作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 河南科技大学农学院

出　　处： 《生态环境》 2007年第1期54-59,共6页

摘　　要： 酸沉降影响下重庆马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林的衰退一直受到研究者的重视,并取得一定成果,但森林健康监测和调控技术等方面的研究还很少。以重庆铁山坪马尾松纯林为研究对象,采用欧洲叶量损失率的划分标准,选择叶量损失率为0～20%、20%～40%、40%～60%和60%～99%的优势木,分析其树冠下的土壤化学性质及针叶元素含量;采用随机区组设计,设立在土壤表面撒施石灰石粉0(不撒施石灰石粉,对照)、1、2、3和4t·hm-25个处理,探讨不同石灰石粉剂量处理对优势木针叶元素含量和生长的影响。结果表明:不同叶量损失率的马尾松优势木树冠下的土壤化学性质基本相似,0～60cm土层的pH平均值在3.59～3.80,盐基饱和度平均值低于10%,土壤严重酸化,随叶量损失率的增加,一年生针叶内K、Na、Ca、Mg、Al、P、S、N等元素含量并无明显差异。针叶内P缺乏是营养限制因子。撒施石灰石粉165d后,1、2、3t·hm-2处理的优势木一年生针叶中P、Mg含量增加,增幅以2t·hm-2处理最高,比对照分别增加30.26%和12.65%;所有撒施石灰石粉处理的N含量增加,Ca含量有增有减,变化规律不明显。撒施石灰石粉一年后,各处理优势木的树高和胸径生长量增加,针叶损失率下降,主轴顶梢长度和一年生针叶长度增加。短期内从一年生针叶中P、Mg含量及林木生长和健康情况变化综合来看,石灰石粉一次撒施量以2t·hm-2效果最佳。 Though researchers have devoted much attention to decline of Pinus massoniana forests of Chongqing exposed to acid deposition and yielded some positive results, they have seldom researched on health monitoring and regulation measures. In order to analyse soil chemical properties under dominant trees of different defoliation percentages and contents of elements in their needles, some dominant trees of different defoliation percentages （0%-20%, 20%-40%, 40%-60% and 60%-99%） in pure stands of Pinus massoniana at Tieshanping of Chongqing were selected according to European criteria for dividing defoliation percentages. In order to explore and evaluate effects of different amounts of limestone powder scattered on forest soil on contents of the elements in needles and on growth of dominant trees, a field experiment on health regulation with five treatments and three replicates in a randomized complete block design was conducted, the five treatments of limestone powder included amounts of 0 （control）, I, 2, 3 and 4 t·hm^-2. The results of the health monitoring showed that the chemical properties in 0-60 cm soil depth under all dominant trees of different defoliation percentages were similar, the soil was seriously acidified with the average pH values ranging from 3.59 to 3.80 and base saturation （BS） less than 10%, no significant difference in the contents of K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, P, S or N in 1-year-old needles among these dominant trees was not found, but very low P content became a common limiting factor. The results of the field experiment showed that the limestone powder treatments led to changes of contents of elements in I-year-old needles of the dominant trees after 165 days. Contents of Mg and P at 1, 2 and 3 t·hm^-2 increased, and contents of Mg and P at 2 t·hm^-2 were highest and increased by 30.26% and 12.65% respectively when compared with the control. N contents of all limestone powder treatments increased. However, Ca contents of all limestone powder treatments showed no regular change. Growth

关 键 词： 重庆 酸沉降 马尾松 石灰石粉 元素 生长

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]