作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园

出　　处： 《云南植物研究》 2006年第6期631-638,共8页

摘　　要： 以丛毛垂叶榕（Ficns benjamina L．var．nuda）种子为实验材料，研究了温度、光照、植物激素（GA3、6-BA、乙烯）和含氮化合物（硝普钠、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐）对种子萌发的影响，讨论了光在丛毛垂叶榕种子萌发中的生态意义。在交替光照下（14h光照，10h黑暗，12μmol m^-2s^-1），种子在15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃和30℃，20℃下的最终萌发率分别为87．5％、100％、100％、100％、98％、89％和100％；种子的平均萌发时间分别为34．7d、16．3d、5．6d、4．8d、6．4d、9d和6．3d。黑暗条件下，种子在15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃和30℃／20℃下萌发35d，种子的萌发率为零；添加交替光照后，种子迅速萌发。0．5～20μmol m^-2s^-1的光照强度显著地增加种子的最终萌发率，不同的光照强度对种子的最终萌发率没有明显的影响，但影响种子的萌发速率。在24h光暗周期下，种子的最终萌发率随着光期长度的增加而显著提高。在连续光照下处理24h、36h和48h后能够促进种子在随后的连续黑暗中萌发。不同浓度的GA3、6-BA、乙烯、硝普钠、NaNO3和NaNO2处理不能代替光照在黑暗条件下促进种子萌发，添加交替光照后，种子迅速获得萌发能力。丛毛垂叶榕种子的上述萌发行为与其长期适应热带雨林的生境密切相关。 In this paper, Ficus benjamina L. var. nuda seeds were used as experimental materials, and effects of temperature, light, phytohormone （gibberellin, 6-benzyladenine and ethylene）, nitrogenous compounds （sodium nitroprusside, nitrate, and nitrite） on seed germination were studied, and ecological significance of light in seed germination was discussed. Under alternating photoperiod （ 14 h light, 10 h dark, 12μmol m^-2s^-1）, final germination percentage of seeds was 87.5%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 98%, 89% and 100%, respectively, at 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃ and 30℃/20℃, and mean germination time of seeds was 34.7 d, 16.3 d, 5.6 d, 4.8 d, 6.4 d, 9 d and 6.3 d, respectively. Germination percentage of seeds which were incubated for 35 d at 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃, 30℃/20℃ and dark was zero, and these seeds rapidly germinated after addition of alternating photoperiod. Light intensity of 0.5-20μmol m^-2s^-1 markedly increased final germination rate of seeds. However, different light intensity influenced hardly final germination percentage of seeds, but altered germination rate of seeds. Under photoperiod of 24 h, final germination percentage of seeds notably increased with increasing length of light duration. The seeds treated for 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h by continuous light could germinate at subsequent dark. Different concentrations of exogenous gibberellin, 6-benzyladenine, ethylene, sodium nitroprusside, nitrate and nitrite could not replace light and not accelerate seed germination, and these seeds rapidly gained germinablity after addition of alternating photoperiod. Germination behavior of F. enjamina L. var. nuda seeds was closely related to long-term adaptation to tropical forests.

关 键 词： 丛毛垂叶榕种子 光敏感性 光照强度 含氮化合物 萌发 植物激素

领　　域： [生物学] [生物学]