作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中国科学院华南植物园

出　　处： 《热带亚热带植物学报》 2006年第5期397-402,共6页

摘　　要： 在2005年春季、夏季和秋季,对10a生拟单性木兰(Parakmeriaomeiensis)进行断根和剪枝处理,模拟移栽,用LICOR-6400测定了植株叶片的蒸腾速率、光合速率等生理指标,探讨这些生理指标对不同季节移栽成活率的影响。结果表明,春季处理后叶片能迅速关闭部分气孔,蒸腾速率和光合速率都减小,两者最低时约为对照的60%,生理机能的减弱有利于维持地上、地下部分的平衡,因而最有利于植株成活。夏季处理后叶片气孔导度显著增加,光合速率和蒸腾速率也随之增大,最高时约为对照的2倍左右,此时,若主要依靠剪枝来降低水分消耗,很难保证水分代谢平衡,移栽成活率低。秋季处理后植株叶片气孔导度高于对照,光合速率和蒸腾速率也增加,但增加幅度相对夏季较小,前期最高约增加40%,此时移栽可以通过适当的剪枝和增加土壤水分含量等措施提高成活率。可见,与水分相关的生理机能的调节机制,决定了移栽后的成活水平,即处理后能迅速调节自身生理机能、减少水分消耗的植株,成活率就高,反之就低。 The Parakmeria omeiensis trees of 10 years treated by cutting root and branch in the spring, summer and autumn, 2005, were compared with those untreated in photosynthesis and transpiration to discuss the effects of physiological factors on the transplant survival rate in different seasons. In the spring, stomatal conductance sharply declined in the treatment, followed by decreasing transpiration and photosynthetic rates with the lowest rates as much as about 60% of those in the control, causing a small portion of water lost from the plants. The weakening in physiological function contributed to the transplant survival rate by metabolism balanced between underground and aboveground. In the summer, transpiration and photosynthetic rates significantlyincreased with stomatal conductance in the treatment. And the highest rates of transpiration and photosynthesis were about double those in the control, suggesting a great amount of water loss. The low transplant survival rate occurred because the lost water could not be compensated enough mainly by cutting branch. In the autumn, the treated plants were higher in stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthetic rates than the control. But the increments of both transpiration and photosynthetic rates were slight, relative to those in the summer, and the highest rates were 40% higher than those in the control shortly after treatment. The transplant survival rate could be improved by properly cutting branch or increasing water content in soil. It is concluded that the transplant survival rate is determined by altering physiological function relate to water metabolism, viz, plants capable of reducing water loss by rapidly manipulating their own physiological function have higher transplant survival rate, vise versa.

关 键 词： 拟单性木兰 移栽 蒸腾速率 光合速率 气孔导度 水分利用效率

领　　域： [生物学]