作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广州大学生命科学学院

出　　处： 《热带亚热带植物学报》 2006年第4期307-311,共5页

摘　　要： 药壁褐变是影响花药离体培养效率的因素。研究了粳稻品种台中6(5OryzasatvaL.)花药培养前低温预处理对药壁褐变的影响,观察了花药褐变前后药壁各层的变化及褐变对小孢子发育的作用。结果表明:药壁褐变主要发生在表皮与药室内壁。10℃低温预处理在花药培养前期可有效延缓表皮与药室内壁膜结构的降解速度,减缓褐变发生;花药经低温处理后,药壁中层细胞膨大,绒毡层降解速度减缓,有利于花粉脱分化。药壁褐变会影响药腔内小孢子的活力和继续发育,但不是制约花粉愈伤组织形成的关键因素。 Anther wall browning in variety Taichung 65 of japonica rice （Oryza sativa L.） was studied through cold pretreatment of anthers at late uninucleate stage. Some microstructural and ultrastructural changes in the anther wall were found during anther culture. Anatomical observation showed that anther wall browning took place mainly in epidermis and endothecium. Cold pretreatment of anthers at 10℃ could effectively reduce the browning rate during the early culture period and delay degradation of the membrane structures of epidermis and endothecium, and thus postpone browning in anther wall. Meanwhile, cold pretreatment contributed to stimulating cell enlargement in the middle layer and delaying tapetum degradation, which produced positive effects on the microspore dedifferentiation. Although anther wall browning favored microspore in vigor and development, it was not the key factor in reducing the ability of pollen callus induction.

关 键 词： 水稻 花药培养 低温处理 花药壁褐变 解剖学

领　　域： [生物学]