作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学地理科学与规划学院

出　　处： 《地理学报》 2006年第7期720-728,共9页

摘　　要： 青藏高原是全球变化的敏感区。高寒草甸草原是青藏高原上最主要的放牧利用草地资源之一。选择青藏高原东北隅海北站内具有代表性的高寒草甸土壤进行高分辨率采样,测定土壤根系和有机碳含量。研究得出,青藏高原高寒草甸土壤贮存有巨大的根系生物量(23544.60kgha-1～27947kgha-1)和土壤有机碳(21.52GtC);自然土壤表层(0～10cm)储存了整个剖面土壤有机碳总量的30%左右。比较发现,高寒草甸土壤的有机碳平均贮存量(23.17×104kgCha-1)(0～60cm)较相应深度的热带森林土壤、灌丛土壤和草地土壤的有机碳贮存量高约1～5倍多。在全球碳预算研究中,青藏高原高寒草甸土壤有机碳库不可忽视。随着全球变暖,表层土壤有机碳分解释放的CO2将增加。为了减少高寒草甸生态系统的碳排放,应加强高寒草甸土壤地表覆被的保护,合理种植深根系植物。这对减缓全球大气CO2浓度升高的速率以及可持续开发高寒草甸的生态服务功能都具有重要意义。 The alpine meadow ecosystem is one of the important grassland resources for grazing on the Tibetan Plateau. High-resolution sampling, measurement of roots contents and organic carbon contents of selected soil in Haibei Station were made in an attempt to detect the soil organic carbon storage and vertical distribution of the alpine meadow in the northeast Tibetan Plateau. The results show that considerable magnitude roots biomass （23544.60 kg ha^-11-27947 kg ha^-1） and organic carbon （21.52 GtC） have been stored in soils of the alpine meadow. Some 30% of total soil organic carbon of natural soil profiles has been stored in the upper horizons （upper 10 era）. Comparison suggests that soil organic carbon storage （23.17 × 104 kg C ha^-1） （0-60 cm） is 2-6 folds of that of forest soil, shrub soil and pasture soil in the Tropics. Soil organic carbon pool of the alpine meadow is ignorable in the carbon budget both of the globe and China. With the global warming, it is important to protect flimsy alpine meadow ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau, not to disturb the soil cover of alpine meadow, and to introduce feasibly deep-rooted plants for storing much more soil organic carbon, for decreasing CO2 emitting from the soils, for slowing down CO2 concentration rising rate of the atmosphere, and for sustainable developing ecotype services of the alpine meadow.

关 键 词： 青藏高原 高寒草甸 土壤有机碳 全球碳库

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学]