作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 暨南大学理工学院食品科学与工程系

出　　处： 《中国油脂》 2006年第5期59-62,共4页

摘　　要： 采用两步法催化高酸值潲水油制备生物柴油,第一步先用硫酸铁催化潲水油中游离脂肪酸和甲醇酯化生成脂肪酸甲酯(生物柴油),然后再用氢氧化钾催化潲水油中的甘油三酯和甲醇进行酯交换。结果表明,硫酸铁对酯化反应具有很强的催化活性,而且可以回收利用。通过正交试验得到最佳酯化反应参数:硫酸铁用量2%,反应温度95℃,醇油摩尔比10∶1,反应时间4 h,该条件下游离脂肪酸酯化率达97.22%。酯交换条件为:KOH用量1%,反应温度65℃,反应时间1 h,醇油摩尔比6∶1。经过两步催化,产品中总的脂肪酸甲酯(生物柴油)含量达97.02%。该两步催化法具有不产生酸化废水,不需要耐强酸设备,反应时间短,转化率高,同时硫酸铁可以回收重复利用等优点。 Two - step catalyzed process was adopted to prepare biodiesel from waste cooking oil WCO）. Free fatty acid of WCO was esterified with methanol catalyzed by ferric sulfate in the first step, and then triglyceride （TG） of WCO was transesterified with methanol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide. Results showed that ferric sul- fate had strong activity to catalyze the estersification, and could be recovered for the further utilization. The optimal parameters of esterification obtained by orthonormal experiment were as follows ： 2 % of ferric sulfate, 10：1 of mole ratio of methanol to FFA, 4 h of reaction time, and 95 ℃ of reaction temperature. Under this condition, the esteri- fication rate of free fatty acid was 97.22%. Transesterification was performed at 1% of potassium hydroxide, 65 ℃ of reaction temperature, 1 h of reaction time, and 6：1 of mole ratio of methanol to TG. The product with 97.02% of biodiesel was obtained after two - step catalyzed process analyzed by gas chromatography. This new process had many advantages compared with the old ones, such as no acidic wastewater, high efficiency, low cost equipment, and the recovery of catalyst.

关 键 词： 生物柴油 潲水油 酯化 硫酸铁 酯交换

领　　域： [化学工程]