作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学公共卫生学院医学统计与流行病学系

出　　处： 《中国公共卫生》 2006年第5期638-640,共3页

摘　　要： 目的了解初中生有关吸烟与健康的知识水平、来源和需求。方法采用自填式问卷对8 656名初中生进行横断面调查。结果吸烟可引起疾病的回答正确率,肺癌>气管炎>肺气肿>肺心病>口腔癌>喉癌>冠心病>高血压>胃溃疡>脑卒中;烟草中有害成分的知晓率,烟焦油>尼古丁>一氧化碳>氢氰酸。获取吸烟危害知识的来源中可信程度最高的为医务人员。38.9%的人回答曾经接触过反吸烟宣传,印象最深的宣传形式为电视和广告。64.0%的人表示自己想知道更多有关吸烟与健康方面的知识,最希望的获取方式是电视广播,最希望知道的内容是吸烟对健康的危害。结论在青少年控烟的健康教育中,医务工作者应积极参与,强化吸烟与心脑血管病的内容,尝试选择电视和广告等宣传形式。 Objective To realize the level, source and demand of knowledge on smoking and health in secondary school students. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were used in a cross-sectional survey to collect smoking related information of 8 656 secondary school students. Results According to the percentage of correct responses, diseases caused by smoking were ranked as follows：lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, chronic pulmonary heart disease（CHPD）, mouth cancer, larynx cancer, coronary heart disease, hypertension, gastric ulcer and stroke. The percentage of correct responses for tobacco tar was the highest, followed by nicotine, then carbon monoxide and hydrocyanic acid. Health workers served as the most reliable source to provide knowledge on smoking and health. Only 38.9 % of the respondents reported having ever been exposed to anti-smoking propaganda, according to whose opinions television and advertisement were the two most impressive methods of propagandizing. Among the respondents, 64 96 of them showed their wishes to know more knowledge about smoking and health. Their most favorite method to get smoking related knowledge was through television and broadcast. Damage of smoking to health was the prior knowledge that they needed. Conclusion In order to improve the effectiveness of education on smoking and health for adolescents, health workers should be involved as much as possible. The knowledge on smoking and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should be added and emphasized. Televisions and advertisements are supposed to be effective education methods.

关 键 词： 社会心理学 控烟 知识 态度行为 青少年

领　　域： [历史地理] [历史地理]