作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所

出　　处： 《植物生理与分子生物学学报》 2006年第2期189-194,共6页

摘　　要： 水葫芦[Eichhorniacrassipes(Mart)Solms]是世界上繁殖最快、危害最严重的多年生水生杂草之一。为了避免化学除草剂对水体的污染,生物防治已成为当前水葫芦治理的重要方向。马缨丹(Lantanacamara)是马鞭草科的一种植物,其叶片提取物对水葫芦有很强的毒性。研究结果表明:经马缨丹叶提取液处理的水葫芦叶片中,超氧物歧化酶(SOD)活性与H2O2 浓度均显著升高,但过氧化氢酶的活性受到抑制,膜脂过氧化程度明显增加。H2O2的组织化学染色结果表明H2O2 在气孔细胞中有异常高的积累,H2O2 过量产生同时导致水葫芦叶片失绿与细胞死亡。因此,氧胁迫可能是马缨丹提取液对水葫芦毒害的主要原因之一。 Water hyacinth （Eichhornia crassipes） is one of the most productive plants, but is also a troublesome weed in the world. In order to protect the public water system from chemical herbicides pollution, biological method has been suggested to control the growth and the reproduction of this weed. Lantana （Lantana camara L.） is an important weed of the family Verbenaceae and its leaf extract is highly toxic to water hyacinth. The results of this study showed that the extract of lantana leaves suppressed the emergence of leaf buds of water hyacinth plant, and caused the decay of its leaves by foliar spraying. In addition, the increase of SOD activity in water hyacinth leaves was in accordance with the accumulation of H2O2 and the increase in degree of membrane peroxidation, while the activity of catalase, which might remove the excessive H2O2 in water hyacinth leaves, was inhibited by treatment with lantana extract. At tissue level, high H2O2 histochemical labeling was detected in guard cells after treatment with lantana extract. This overproduction of H2O2 could kill the leaf cells and cause leaf necrosis in the treated plant. Therefore, the high toxicity of lantana leaf extract to water hyacinth might be due to oxidative stress.

关 键 词： 过氧化氢 马缨丹 氧胁迫 超氧物岐化酶 水葫芦

领　　域： [生物学]