作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处： 《生态环境》 2006年第2期430-434,共5页

摘　　要： 南中国海具有丰富的浅海和热带的生物多样性,是全球珊瑚礁分布的中心之一。全球34%的珊瑚礁分布在东南亚,该海区拥有全球70个珊瑚属的50个属。东南亚的珊瑚种类有超过一半的分布在南中国海,75种的海绵以及118种的棘皮类动物属于南中国海的地方特有种。珊瑚礁具有重要的生态服务功能,它支持渔业生产、保护海岸、净化空气、提供沿海社区发展的生活资料,在海岸旅游和药物开发等方面具有巨大的潜力。但是由于受人口增加和经济发展的巨大压力,南中国地区珊瑚礁资源破坏严重,退化趋势明显。文章在对南中国海地区珊瑚礁资源的利用现状和退化原因进行分析的基础上,提出南中国海地区珊瑚礁资源保护与管理的建议,以期能在双边或区域的层面上共同协作,采取适当的措施去扭转南中国海地区珊瑚礁生境退化趋势。 The South China Sea represents an area of globally significant marine shallow-water, tropical biodiversity and is one of the centres of coral reef diversity in the world. An estimated 34% of the earth＇s coral reefs are located in the seas of Southeast Asia and fifty of a global total of seventy coral genera occur here. More than half of Southeast Asia＇s coral species diversity is found in the South China Sea. 75 species of sponges and 118 species of echinoderms in the South China Sea are endemic. The reefs ecosystem is known to provide ecological goods and services. They support the fishery, protect shores, purify the atmosphere and contribute to the economic livelihood of many coastal communities. The rich biodiversity makes the reefs valuable in terms of ecotourism and in the potential for pharmaceutical products. The coral reef in South China Sea have been impaired and degraded seriously due to the mighty pressure of population growth and economic development. In this paper, based on the analysis of the destruction state and the main causes of coral reef degradation, some countermeasures on coral reef conservation and management are suggested that are the basis for implementing appropriate approach to reverse the coral reef degradation trends both at the national and regional levels.

关 键 词： 珊瑚礁 破坏 保护 南中国海

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]