作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东省农业科学院

出　　处： 《分子植物育种》 2006年第2期262-268,共7页

摘　　要： 本文综述了柑桔抗病分子育种近年来的研究动态和所取得的研究成果。柑桔分子育种始于上世纪90年代,以期克服常规育种面临的多方面严重阻碍,如杂种不育、杂交不亲和、较长的童期和大的树体积,以及随之而来的用地和巨大的人力、物力、成本等;其相对较小的基因组已使其成为果树分子育种研究领域的模式植物之一。首先在利用富有目标抗病基因的柑桔近缘属枳(Poncirustrifoliate)作亲本,培育杂种群体,开发分子标记与连锁遗传作图等方面取得突破,同时在基因组BAC文库与物理图谱的构建、抗病基因的克隆、遗传转化体系的建立、外源抗病基因及候选抗病基因的转化等诸多方面也已取得长足进展,并已摸索出适合柑桔基因工程操作的一整套方法。此外,本文对柑桔基因组的候选抗病基因转化及抗病基因工程研究中存在的问题也进行了讨论与分析。 In this text the advances in citrus breeding for disease resistance by molecular approach were reviewed. The strategy for citrus genetic improvement by molecular breeding are capable of overcoming many serious impediments, for example, the biological limitations associated with degrees of sexual sterility and incompatibility, extended juvenility, large individual plant size and consequent expenses of land, labor, and materials required to maintain the progeny, which are always accompanied by traditional breeding. Citrus has been the model type for fruit tree on molecular breeding, for its relatively smaller size of genome. With history no earlier than 1990s, breakthrough was firstly made by utilization of resistance material Poncirus trifoliate, a close relative of the genus Citrus, harbored on with many traits of pathogenic resistance, for construction of hybrid population, development of molecular markers and genetic mapping. In the meantime, big progress was also made in the field of genomic DNA library, physical mapping, resistance gene cloning, genetic transformation system, transforming of some R genes and resistance gene candidates, and so on. A set of methods suitable for the manipulation of citrus genetic engineering have been developed. In addition, the difficulties present in the genetic transformation for citrus candidate resistance gene and the problems related to genetic engineering exploration for citrus disease resistance were discussed and analyzed in this paper.

关 键 词： 柑桔 分子育种 抗病基因 遗传转化

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]