作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 暨南大学文学院中国语言文学系

出　　处： 《世界汉语教学》 2006年第1期29-40,共12页

摘　　要： 本文在对语法形式和语法意义形成共识的基础上，指出语法意义与词汇意义、语用意义的根本区别在于能否决定语法形式，并且受到语法形式的反制约。语义特征的类别聚合决定了语义特征范畴；语义特征的选择组合则决定了语义关系范畴；语义特征范畴包括词义特征范畴和句义特征范畴；语义关系范畴包括语义论元范畴、语义角色范畴和语义关联范畴。据此，我们可以对语法范畴、形式范畴、词法范畴、句法范畴、语义特征、语义结构、语义关系、语义论元、语义角色、语义关联、语义指向，乃至于语义范畴重新进行界定。最后讨论语义范畴的分类，这将有助于汉语语法研究的现代化和多元化。 Based on the common ideas on grammatical forms and grammatical meanings, it is pointed out in this paper that grammatical meanings are basically distinguished from lexical meanings and pragmatic meanings in their ability to determine grammatical forms and, in return, in the possibility to be constrained by forms. Paradigmatic classes of the semantic features determine the categories of semantic features; syntagmatic choices of semantic features determine the categories of semantic relations; semantic feature categories consist of lexical feature categories and syntactic feature categories; semantic relations consist of semantic argument categories, semantic role categories, and semantic association categories. Consequentially, we can re-define grammatical categories, formal categories, lexical categories, syntactic categories, semantic features, semantic structures, semantic relations, semantic arguments, semantic roles, semantic association, semantic reference, and semantic categories. Finally, we discuss the classification of semantic categories to help modernize and pluralize the study on Chinese grammar.

关 键 词： 类别聚合 组合选择 语义特征范畴 语义关系范畴

领　　域： [语言文字]