作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学环境科学与工程学院大气科学系

出　　处： 《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》 2005年第6期105-109,共5页

摘　　要： 使用1999年1月和2001年2-3月在南岭山地采集的雨水样品资料,分析了南岭山地雨水的化学组分;对4次典型锋面过程伴随降水的雨水离子浓度及其可能的来源进行了分析;发现酸雨的频率达88%,酸雨的危害十分严重。南岭山地的浓雾伴随的降水,其雨水中的诸离子浓度远低于雾水中的值,因而,雾不但造成视程障碍,而且是高浓度污染的微粒,对人体健康十分有害。不同过程雨水的化学特征变化差异明显,在雨水中浓度最高的阴离子是SO42-,其次是Cl-;在阳离子中Ca2+、NH4+的浓度最高。雨水比雾水更酸,说明虽然雾水中的离子浓度较雨水高得多,但大量的离子成分中存在更多的缓冲物质,比如说NH4+和Ca2+。不同降水过程间雨水离子浓度的富集存在差异,总体而言南岭山地锋面降水的雨水化学成分主要受大陆环境和人类活动的影响。 Based on the rain-water data of January 1999, and February ＆ March, 2001, the chemical compositions of rain-water in frontal processes have been analyzed to assess the ion concentrations of rain-water and sources in four typical frontal rainfall processes. The analyses show that the frequency of acid rain reachs 88 %, and the harms caused by acid rain should be paid attention. All ion concentrations of fog-water in heavy fog processes are much higher than those in rain-water. Therefore, fogs not only cause bad visibility, but also do harm to people＇s health due to its highly polluted particles. When fogs occur, the high concentration polluted ion compositions will stimulate mucous membrane of respiratory tract, causing respiratory disease. The chemical features are obviously different between various rainfall processes. The highest negative ion concentration in rain-water is SO4^2-, followed by Cl^-, while the Ca^2＋ and NH4^＋ are the highest positive ion concentrations. Rain-water is more acid than fog-water, suggestting that there are more cushioning substances in the large ion compositions like NH4^＋ and Ca^2＋ although ion concentrations of fog-water are much higher than those in rain-water of fog-water. The NH4^＋ , Ca^2＋ , and K^＋ are obviously enriched. The rain-water in the Nanling mountains is mainly influenced by mainland environment and human activities.

关 键 词： 南岭大瑶山 锋面降水 浓雾 雨水 化学成分

领　　域： [天文地球]