作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中山大学社会学与人类学学院人类学系

出　　处： 《考古》 2005年第11期85-92,共8页

摘　　要： 一、田野工作简史尼雅河流域的考古学工作,最初是由外国探险家进行的。1889年5月,俄国皇家地理学会组织普尔热瓦尔斯基第五次探险队,探察了昆仑山西北部、叶尔羌河流域和尼雅(应当是指民丰县城一带)等地区。翌年,法国的杜特雷依(Dutreuil de Rhin)探险队也到达了尼雅。不过,这两支探险队都没进入尼雅遗址。杜特雷依探险队的成员戈厄纳(Grenard,又译格伦纳)似乎听说过关于尼雅遗址的传闻,曾设想着到伊玛目·贾法尔·沙迪克麻扎(即大麻扎) Archaeological researches on the Niya site were begun from Aural Stein＇s survey and excavation in 1901. Through work in the past 100 years, valuable field archaeological data have been accumulated in a large amount, including those of remains of houses, temples, cemeteries, handicraft workshops, farm fields, walled towns and bridges. Of them the most interesting for researchers are Kharosthi and Chinese documents, through which some scholars made historico-geographic researches and other studies with unearthed vestiges and objects. The geographic environments of the site and the richness and multiformity of its remains determine its importance in archaeological studies. In the future, special attention should be paid to the typological and chronological researches, the subjects on the settlement pattern and its evolution, the shape of early Buddhist buildings and the unearthed documents, as well as the study of ancient ecological environments and desert archaeological methodology.

关 键 词： 尼雅遗址 文物考古 田野工作 学术课题 新疆

领　　域： [历史地理] [历史地理]