作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学公共卫生学院医学统计与流行病学系

出　　处： 《中山大学研究生学刊（自然科学与医学版）》 2005年第3期50-55,共6页

摘　　要： 探讨中学生有关吸烟与健康的知识和态度,及其与吸烟行为的关系。采用自填式结构问卷对广州市黄埔区初一至初三年级中学生进行调查。8,656 名初中生,在满分为10分的吸烟所致疾病知识和满分为4分的烟草有害成分知识平均得分为4.87和2.13。吸烟与健康的态度平均得分,吸烟的作用为 25.88(满分30)、吸烟的形象认同21.33(满分25)、吸烟的交际认同32.07 (满分40)、控烟措施的认同32.69(满分40)。初中生的尝试吸烟率为16.6% (男生25.6%,女生6.3%),偶尔吸烟率为12.0%(男18.0%,女5.1%), 规律吸烟率为4.7%(男7.6%,女1.1%)。在男生中,吸烟与健康得知识得分和态度得分,均为:不吸烟者>偶尔吸烟者>规律吸烟者,且有显著性差异。在女生中,知识得分在不同吸烟行为者间无显著性差异,态度得分为:不吸烟者>偶尔吸烟者>规律吸烟者,有显著性差异。本组初中生吸烟与知识的认知水平较低,态度得分较高。中学生有关吸烟与健康的知识和态度与不同吸烟行为有关联,且男女有别。 To explore knowledge and belief related to smoking and health and their association with smoking behaviors among secondary school students. Self-administrated questionnaire was applied to the first, second and third year secondary school students in Huangpu district of Guangzhou. Of the investigated 8, 656 students, the mean score of knowledge about diseases caused by smoking （ maximum = 10 ） and harmful components in cigarette （ maximum =4） was 4. 87 and 2. 13, respectively. Mean scores of behef related to smoking and health were： 25. 88 for effect of smoking （maximum = 30）, 21.33 for identification with appearance of smoking （ maximum = 25）, 32. 07 for identification with sociality effect of smoking （ maximum = 40） and 32. 69 for agreement with measures of preventing and controlling smoking （maximum =40）. Ratios for the mean score vs. the maximum were 0. 86, 0. 85, 0. 80 and 0. 82, respectively. Prevalence of trying smoker, irregular smoker and regular smoker was 16.6% （25.6% for male and 6.3% for female）, 12.0% （ 18.0% for male and 5. 1% for female） and 4. 7% （7.6% for male and 1.1% for female）. In males, the mean score of the knowledge and the belief in regular smokers was the highest, followed by irregular smokers and no - smokers, and the difference was significant in statistics. In females, the mean score of the knowledge was no significant among regular smokers, irregular smokers and no - smokers, while a significant statistics different was obtained for the mean score of the belief among regular smokers, irregular smokers and no-smokers. Contrast to the higher score for the belief related to smoking and health, the knowledge related to smoking and health was the lower among the surveyed secondary school students. The knowledge and belief relevant to smoking was associated with different smoking behaviors among the secondary school students.

关 键 词： 青少年 吸烟 认知 态度 吸烟行为 中学生 知识 健康 显著性差异 吸烟者

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