作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学

出　　处： 《云南植物研究》 1994年第4期379-384,共6页

摘　　要： 研究了盆栽墨兰〔Ｃｙｍｂｉｄｉｕｍｓｉｎｅｎｓｅ（Ａｎｄｒ．）Ｗｉｌｌｄ．］在不同土壤含水量情况下的水分生理变化。不同叶龄的叶片对于干旱反应不同，一年生叶比二年生叶敏感。在叶片含水量、叶片水势、叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率和气孔阻力等生理参数中，后两者对干旱反应最灵敏。所以，一年生幼叶的蒸滕速率和气孔阻力可作为指标去判断墨兰植株水分供应情况。墨兰在土壤持水力４４．２％时，相对透性较小，生长正常，一年生动叶的蒸腾速率和气孔阻力分别是３．３６μｇ·ｃｍ￣（－２）·ｓ￣（－１）和７．０８ｓ·ｃｍ￣（－１）；当土壤干旱，持水力降至２２．５％时，相对透性增大３９％，说明细胞已经受旱害，该时的蒸腾速率降至０．９５μｇ、ｃｍ￣（－２）·ｓ￣（－１），气孔阻力升为２２．２５ｓ·ｃｍ￣（－１）。可以认为，墨兰的土壤临界水分是在土壤持水力４４％—２２％之间。 Change of water physiology of potted plants Cymbldium sinense(Andr.) Willd.grown in different soil moisture condition were studied.Different age of leaf had different response to drought,1-year-old leaf was sensitive th an 2-year-old leaf. Among several physiological parameters,such as leaf water content,4 leaf water potential,chlorophyll content, transpiratory rate and stomatal resistance etc.,last two parameters were the most sensitive to drought.Hence the transpiratory rate or stomatal resistance in young leaf of 1-year-old shoot could be used to de-termine the water condition in plant.While water was supplied sufficiently and soil holding-water power was 44. 2%,C,sinense normally grew and transpiratory rate in young leaf of 1-year-old shoot was 3.36 μg· cm￣2· s￣(-1) and stomatal resistance was 7. 08 s·cm￣(-1) However,while soil dried continuously and soil holding-water power dropped to 22.1%,indicating plant had been damaged by drought,transpiratory rate decreased to 0.95 pg·cm￣(-2)·s￣(-1) and stomatal resistance increased to 22.5 s· cm￣(-1).It may be considered that the critical soil water content of C,sinense is between 44% 22% of soil holding-water power.

关 键 词： 墨兰 土壤 干旱 蒸腾速率 气孔阻力 水分生理

领　　域： [生物学]