作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中国科学院水生生物研究所

出　　处： 《水生生物学集刊》 1959年第3期369-374,共6页

摘　　要： 罧是我国古代就开始运用的一种渔法，早在尔雅释器篇中就有：“今之作糁者，积柴木于水中，鱼得寒入其里藏隐，因以薄围捕取之”之说。湖北省黄岗专区湖泊概况(1952)中所载梁子湖罧业操作的方式也基本相同(群见下节)。骸书中并提出梁子湖罧业的产量是十分高的，象1951年在公私合营栈子石一个罧区就捕得鱼一千多担。然而，关于这一渔法可以捕获那些性质的鱼类以及这些鱼类为什么会集中到罧区来的问题已往还没有人去研究过。本所梁子湖工作队的一部分同志曾在1955年4月到1956年2月之间实地调查了梁子湖罧业的一般情况，并对其中几个罧的水质及渔获物等作了测定或分析。本文除介绍这些结果外，并按这些结果来初步探讨上述的两个问题。 The special fishery method of“San”,practised on Lake Liang-Tze,is a very ef- ficient one and is highly productive in winter. In mid-autumn loppings of trees,mainly pear-trees,are taken down to the lake in huge quantities,where they are cast in tangled groups onto selected areas,where they float almost entirely immersed.Towards mid-winter,large numbers of pelagic fishes con- gregate between and just below the branches,which offer considerable protection against inclement weather.The“San”areas are then enclosed by fences,confining the attracted fishes into conveniently worked plots,which are harvested by various devices and local gear.The fences,of closely tied split-bamboo palings,project at least a metre above the water,and they enclose areas of 200 to 300 square metres. The environmental conditions of the“San”regions and the regions outside have been studied and compared:these included temperature,hydrogen-ion concentration,available food,etc.There was no very significant difference except for the greater abundance of certain foods,such as phytoplankton and mollusca,within the“San”areas. The predominant fish in the“San”harvest is Megalobrama terminalis,accounting for 60%,or more,of the total catch.Cyprinus carpio is rare in these catches,yet it is the dominant species in the lake as a whole.The reason for the congregation of Megalobrama“in the trees”is correlated with its ecological habits.

关 键 词： 梁子湖 罧业 渔法 水质 渔获物 捕捞技术

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]