作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学新闻与传播学院新闻学系

出　　处： 《新闻与传播研究》 1999年第2期58-72,共15页

摘　　要： 南美洲是一个广阔而复杂的地区。各种文化在此碰撞、交融， 最终形成了独具特色的南美文化。在这种文化土壤中成长起来的新闻业也独具特色。特别是在美国文化霸权的强有力冲击下， 使得这一地区形成了“发达的新闻体制和落后的经济并存”的局面。本文从政治、经济、社会等角度出发透视南美洲新闻业的历史与现状， 旨在强调南美洲的地域特性， 探讨南美各国政府、媒体， 以及美国在这一地区的霸权地位三者间的复杂关系。文章指出， 后殖民时代的南美各国将面临更为艰难而复杂的选择， 其媒体的发展也将面临来自各方面（ 如新闻自由与政府控制、商业利益对新闻业的冲击， 等等） 的挑战。但有一点是可以肯定的， 那就是： 在新的传播手段不断涌现的当今， 原来被认为无法逾越的政治、文化壁垒将会被冲破，现代社会中媒体的影响力必然得到加强。 Lating America is a large and complex area. The typical Latin American culture is the end product of the long interacting processes of varied traditions and cultures, on which a characteristic Latin American journalism grows up. In addition, the cultural imperialism of the United states in this area has produced a well-known phenomenon in most of the Latin American countries—“the co existence of a developed media system and the still underdeveloped economy” This essay is trying to perceive the past and present of Latin American journalism in political, economic, and social terms as well. The geographic character of the area is emphasized and some observations are made on the complex relationships among governments, media, and the American imperialism. This essay is concluded by contending that the post-colonial Latin American countries have to face much more difficult and complex choices and the media in these countries must cope with unprecedented challenges, such as government censorship, the subordination of media to business interests, etc. But one trend is obvious and not reversible, that is, the status of the media in modern societies have to be enhanced with the emergence of new and advanced communication instruments, and those political, cultural barriers which in the past were thought insurmountable will be overcomed.

关 键 词： 新闻业 媒体 新闻体制 特色 新闻事业 文化 政治 南美洲 地区 经济

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]