作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中山大学

出　　处： 《物理学进展》 2004年第4期458-468,共11页

摘　　要： 　本文从历史发展的和几何的角度说明规范变换,相位因子和规范场等物理概念的关系。它是作者一组关于规范场理论记述[1～6]的后续和补充,特别是从规范的历史发展和相位因子几何概念初步去理解杨—米尔斯规范理论的渊源。本文只是从初等水平去说明,不去触及纤维丛等数学,以避免需要拓扑学的预备知识。 In the present article, we interpret the relation between physical concepts of gauge transformation, quantum mechanics phase factor and gauge field. It is a continuation and supplement to a series of popular parpers on the elementary concepts of gauge theory(). We start with historical review of the development of the concept of gauge and then show how the concept of non-integrable phase factor emerged in early history of quantum mechanics. Special attention is paid to understanding of Yang-Mills gauge theory from geometrical view. The scope of this paper is presented at an elementary level of graduate students and does not employ the mathematical concepts of topology. It is intended not to touch the fibre bundle theoretical concepts.

关 键 词： 规范变换 相位因子 规范场 量子相位 拓扑学 几何概念 物理概念 预备 补充 知识

领　　域： [理学] [理学] [理学] [理学]