作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 北京体育大学

出　　处： 《体育科学》 2002年第1期116-119,共4页

摘　　要： 40名乒乓球运动员参加了1项在计算机上进行的情绪Stroop实验。结果表明,高竞赛社会期待特质焦虑运动员的注意特征表现为较多关注消极信息。注意指向不能有效地预测竞赛自信、竞赛躯体焦虑和竞赛个人失败焦虑。这些结果提示,对不同信息的注意指向可能与竞赛焦虑的性质有关。研究讨论了这些结果对运动员心理选材、心理诊断和心理训练的应用意义。 Based on 1) Spielberger (1972)'s conceptualization on the relationship between cognitive appraisal and anxiety reaction and 2) the findings in threat-focused-attention research,the present investigation hypothesized that 1) athletes with high competition trait confidence will focus more on positive information and less on threatening information;2) athletes with high competition trait anxiety will focus more on threatening information and less on positive information. Forty table tennis players participated in a computerized-emotional-Stroop experiment.The average age of the participants was 15.85 years and their average training experience was 8.73 years.Among them 19 were male and 21 were female. The color-reading difference scores between positive words,negative words,social relation words and neutral words were taken as predictors,whereas competitive confidence,competitive-social-expectation anxiety,competitive-individual -failure anxiety and competitive-social-expectation anxiety were taken as criterion variables.It was found that the participants with high competitive-social-expectation anxiety focused more on negative information.Attentional focus failed to predict competitive confidence,competitive-somatic anxiety and competitive-individual-failure anxiety.These results suggested that attentional focus on different information was related to the nature of competitive anxiety.Th implication of these results were discussed in terms of talent selection,psychological diagnosis and mental skill training.

关 键 词： 运动心理学 情绪 注意 焦虑 竞赛

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学] [文化科学] [文化科学] [文化科学]