作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院

出　　处： 《水产学报》 2004年第5期481-486,共6页

摘　　要： 中国鲤具有悠久的养殖历史和重要的经济价值,无论是天然种群还是养殖品种,年产量远超过其它鱼类。近几十年来,养殖新品种的开发获得成功,大大提高了产量,改善了品质。但是由于盲目的开发利用,许多重要的鲤养殖种类的种质资源遭到破坏。"江西三红"(Cyprinuscarpiovar.xingguonensis、Cyprinuscarpiovar.wuyuanensis、Cyprinuscarpiovar.wananensis)、黄河鲤(Cyprinusycarpiovar.)和黑龙江野鲤(Cyprinuscarpiohaematopterus)是中国鲤几个具有代表性的养殖品种和野生种,在我国鲤鱼遗传育种研究中均占有非常重要的地位。应用第二代分子标记,即微卫星标记(microsatellite)84个,对以上5个具有代表性的中国鲤进行了全基因组DNA检测。结果表明,当退火温度提高至60℃时,有43对标记引物扩增出清晰的条带,其中有14对在群体间呈现多态性,扩增等位基因位点为2～4个。微卫星座位MFW4,MFW19,MFW23和MFW26在群体内显示了高度的多态性,扩增等位基因位点为7～13个。统计实验结果发现,"江西三红"3个品种间遗传差异较小,兴国红鲤和荷包红鲤的亲缘关系较近(0.93);属于同一亚种不同地理种群的黄河鲤和黑龙江野鲤具有较高的遗传相似性(0.89)。另外,根据微卫星多态性分析结果,探讨了这5种鲤的遗传多样性。 China carps have culturally long history and economically important values. Its annual yield is far more than those of other fishes. Recent decades, many innovate breeds have been exploited successfully, greatly increasing production and improving attribute. Cyprinis carpio var. xingguonensis, Cyprinis carpio var. wuyuanensis, Cyprinis carpio var. wananensis, called Three Kinds of Red Carp in Jiangxi Province, along with Cyprinus carpio haematopterus and Cyprinusy carpio var. are typical cultural varieties and wild species in China, which play a prominent role in fish genetic breeding. The second molecular markers, called microsatellite markers about 84 were applied to detect genomic DNAs for the fishes above mentioned. As a result, there are 43 pairs of primers that can amplify clear bands when the annealing temperature risen to 60℃, of which 14 markers display polymorphisms between populations, which possess 2-4 allelic sites. Further, microsatellite loci MFW4, MFW19, MFW23 and MFW26 express individual polymorphisms within populations, which have 7-13 allelic sites. The data collected indicate that there is slight difference in three kinds of red carp in Jiangxi province, of which Cyprinis carpio var.xingguonensis and Cyprinis carpio var.wuyuanensis are closer in genetic relationship (0.93). Again, there is a higher genetic similarity between Cyprinusy carpio var. and Cyprinus carpio haematopterus(0.89), demonstrating that they belong to the same sub-species. According to these results obtained from microsatellite markers, genetic diversity of 5 carps is discussed.

关 键 词： 江西三红 黄河鲤 黑龙江野鲤 微卫星标记 遗传多样性

领　　域： [农业科学]