作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 河南大学环境与规划学院

出　　处： 《地理科学》 2003年第5期604-611,共8页

摘　　要： 运用景观生态学原理,借助遥感和地理信息系统技术,选取斑块密度、边缘密度、分维数、景观多样性、景观优势度和破碎化指数等指标,对比分析了伊洛河流域的洛宁县不同地貌类型区的景观空间分布和空间格局特征,探讨了该地区不同地貌类型区人类活动与景观结构之间的关系。结果显示从南北中山区向内到南北低山区到南北塬陵区再到川涧区,斑块破碎化指数从0.019 0到0.322 5到0.437 8再到0.179 4,总体呈增加趋势,破碎化程度增大,川涧区则由于遥感影像解析精度问题,使得破碎化指数低于塬陵区;景观多样性指数从0.182 8到0.358 6到0.298 3再到0.363 4,总体也呈增大趋势;平均斑块分维数从1.114 8到1.385 4到1.226 3再到1.368 0,呈两低两高分布。 The patch density, edge density, fractal dimension of patches, landscape diversity, landscape dominance and fragment index were caculated by models and GIS to analyze spatial distribution and spatial structure of landscape types in Yiluo River basin. In the study, spatial database consists of land use/land cover which comes from topography map ( 1975 , 1: 50000) and TM images, field investigation and interpreted landsat imagine. Classification and imagine description of various land covers were gained by compounding these data. Although training location was afforded to help classify in field mapping, land modification was not performed in order to identify classification accuracy. The processing of remote sensing data is to use ERDAS and ARC/INFO software. In order to study the relation between the structure of landscape and human activities, the characteristics of landscape structure in Luoning County were analyzed using landscape property index above. Based on analyses above, some conclusions are drawn as follows; (1) In Luoning County, spatial pattern mainly consists of big patches and main body landscape were desolate hills, grass slope, arable land in the slope, and deciduous broad-leaved forest. ( 2) Influences of human activities on landscape dominance were very obvious. With human activities intensifying, landscape dominance of human landscape or physical landscape affected by human activities increases, for instances, landscape dominance of desolate hills, grass slope and arable land in the slope was 67. 99% , which are distributed in low-mountains and hills to plains. (3) It was obvious that human activities affected landscape fragment in various landscape type areas, and the more intense the human activities, the more higher the landscape fragment. From plateau form and hills and low-mountains to mid-mountains, the fragmental index of patches changed from 0.4378, 0.3225 to 0.0190, which showed that the intensity of human activities decreases. TM image resolution may make fragmental index low

关 键 词： 景观多样性 景观优势度 景观破碎度 分维数 地理信息系统 伊洛河流域 洛宁县 鼻鼻 口 一

领　　域： [天文地球] [天文地球] [生物学] [生物学]