作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中山大学地理科学与规划学院城市与区域研究中心

出　　处： 《中国历史地理论丛》 2003年第4期134-138,共5页

摘　　要： 河北及京津地区的妈祖信仰 ,随着漕粮北运自东南沿海传播而来。代表妈祖信仰存在的第一座天妃宫在元泰定三年出现以后 ,至清代 ,天妃或天后宫庙的数量已达 35处之多。这些宫庙绝大部分为元、明两代所建。根据这些宫庙的形成时间及分布情况推测 ,元代的妈祖信仰是沿海河、北运河及天津以北渤海沿岸地区传播的。到明代 ,沿海继续向北推进到山海关 ,沿滦河向内地推进到长城南侧 ,并由天津向南沿南运河两侧扩展。妈祖信仰在河北及京津地区分布的时空特征 ,是由于当时全国经济中心和政治中心的分离 ,需要东南大批漕粮北运而形成的。元、明海、河运输路线的差异 ,以及两朝国都所在地区军事形势和军事力量布置上的差异 ,使明代妈祖信仰分布的范围与元代有所不同 。 The belief in Mazu was disseminated into Chinese Hebei Province, Beijing and Tianjin from the Southeast Foreland, along with grain transported by canal or sea. From Taiding 3 year in Yuan Dynasty when the first Tianfei Temple appeared, which indicating the belief in Mazu existed, to Qing dynasty, the Tianfei or Tianhou Temple had increased to 35.Most of these temples were built in Yuan and Ming dynasties. Conferred from their formative hour and distributing circumstance that the belief in Mazu in Yuan dynasty was disseminated along the Haihe River, North Canal and Bohai seacoast area in North Tianjin. Up to Ming Dynasty, it was continued to push northerly to Shanhaiguan Pass along the coast, and moved forward to the south of the Great Wall along the Luanhe River in the coast, and moved forward to the south of the Great Wall along the Luanhe River in the hinterland, and spread from Tianjin along the South Canal to its sides. This space-time characteristic of the belief in Mazu in Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin formed is due to the separation of the economic centrality and governmental centrality in the whole country in that time, Which needed large quantity southeast grain transported towards north by canal or sea. The difference between sea and river transportation and that in military condition and military force assignment in the two dynasties' national Capital made the scope of their belief in Mazu different, and made the scope in Ming dynasty extensive than in Yuan dynasty.

关 键 词： 河北 京津地区 妈祖信仰 起源 民间传说 天妃宫庙 形成因素

领　　域： [哲学宗教]