作　　者： ;

机构地区： 上海师范大学人文与传播学院语言研究所

出　　处： 《中国语文》 2002年第4期302-309,共8页

摘　　要： 虚词考本字与传统的方法相比必须同时考虑三个因素,第一是语音对应关系,第二是历史层次划分,第三是特殊音变规则。同时要考虑两条原则,第一是从合不从分原则,第二是语义对语音优先原则。文章以汉语否定词"不"、"没"为例子,对以上的方法与原则进行了讨论。 Three factors are argued to be considered at the same time in identifying the etymology of a function word, viz. identification of phonological correspondence, identification of the chronological strata, and identification of special rules of sound change. As procedural.principles, firstly, priorities should be given to unification rather than separation of dialectal variants; secondly, priorities should be given to considerations about the basic meaning including grammatical meaning rather than the phonological form of a morpheme. Two Chinese negatives Bu (不) and Met are discussed to illustrate these principles.

关 键 词： 汉语 否定词 虚词 语音 语法

领　　域： [语言文字]