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PVDF/PVA改性超滤膜抗污染特性的微观作用力评价分析
Microforces analysis on anti-fouling property of PVDF/PVA membranes

作  者: ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区: 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院

出  处: 《环境工程学报》 2015年第3期1086-1092,共7页

摘  要: 使用动态过滤法对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)超滤膜进行改性,得到PVDF/聚乙烯醇(PVA)改性膜。系统考察了改性前后PVDF超滤膜表面的微观结构变化,使用原子力显微镜结合自制的—COOH、—OH官能团探针,定量测定了改性前后超滤膜与官能团之间的作用力变化特点,并进行了富含—OH、—COOH官能团的典型有机物海藻酸钠(SA)及腐殖酸(HA)的膜污染实验。结果表明,与PVDF基膜相比,PVDF/PVA改性膜表面粗糙度增大,接触角有效降低;—COOH、—OH官能团与PVDF/PVA改性膜之间的作用力远远小于—COOH、—OH官能团与PVDF之间的作用力。在相同的膜污染运行时间内,改性膜的通量衰减速率及衰减幅度皆小于相应PVDF膜的通量衰减速率及衰减幅度。说明改性膜有效降低了膜-污染物之间相互作用力,提高了膜的抗污染能力,微观作用力评价方法可利用于揭示膜污染本质。 The polyvinylidene fluoride( PVDF) / polyvinyl alcohol( PVA) ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by coating PVA on the PVDF membrane surface via dynamic filtration method. The microstructures and surface topography of PVDF / PVA and the virgin PVDF membranes were characterized in details. Besides the fouling experiments with humic acid( HA) and sodium alginate( SA) were carried out with PVDF and PVDF /PVA ultrafiltration membranes,respectively,the interaction forces between PVDF membrane and —COOH or—OH group and between PVDF/PVA membrane and —COOH or —OH group were investigated. Results showed that the surface roughness of PVDF / PVA membranes increased,while their surface contact angles reduced remarkably compared with that for PVDF membranes. It was also found that the affinity of the—COOH,—OH group to the virgin PVDF membrane was much stronger than that to the PVDF/PVA membranes. Moreover,the flux decline rate and extent of the PVDF / PVA membrane were lower than that of the PVDF membrane only. It indicated that the interaction force of membrane-foulant was decreased and the antifouling property of membranes was enhanced by PVA modification. Therefore,membrane fouling mechanism could be well evaluated by micro forces.

关 键 词: 聚偏氟乙烯 聚乙烯醇 抗污染 作用力

领  域: [化学工程]

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