作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院塑料橡胶装备及智能化研究中心

出　　处： 《材料保护》 2013年第S2期100-102,共3页

摘　　要： 采用氧化改性得到具有初步疏水性能的氧化淀粉,并且进一步采用纳米二氧化硅乳液、丁腈橡胶乳液(NBR)以及聚氨酯乳液(PU)与氧化淀粉进行乳液混合制备氧化淀粉复合材料。对热塑性氧化淀粉复合材料进行吸湿、表面接触角试验,并采用SEM对其微观形貌进行分析。结果表明,热塑性氧化淀粉/丁腈橡胶(TPOS/NBR)的吸湿率最低,表面接触角数值最大值达到108.5°;而当纳米SiO2含量超过3%,热塑性氧化淀粉/二氧化硅的接触角数值下降为52.5°,吸湿率高达33.8%。其主要原因可能是氧化淀粉颗粒物理形貌对于其疏水性能影响起到较为重要的作用:氧化淀粉/二氧化硅呈现多孔的微观结构,因而更具有吸水性能;而含量高于5%以上的NBR和PU能够较好地覆盖在氧化淀粉颗粒的表面,并且形成一定的连续结构,实现物理隔离作用,使得TPOS/NBR表面接触角数值较热塑性淀粉提高约61.7°。以丁腈橡胶乳液物理包覆氧化淀粉是一种新颖而有效果的淀粉疏水性改性方法。 Oxidative modification had been demonstrated a method to obtain preliminary hydrophobic performance of starch. To achieve better hydrophobic performance of starch,three latex including nano-silica,nitrile butadiene rubber( NBR) and polyurethane( PU) was mixed with oxidized starch to prepare oxidized starch composite,respectively. The hydrophobic performance and morphology of thermoplastic starch oxide composites was charactered by the moisture absorption,surface contact angle and SEM,respectively. The results indicated that,the thermoplastic oxidized starch / NBR( TPOS / NBR) obtained the lowest moisture absorption ratio,its surface contact angle value could reach108.5o. When the content of nano-SiO2 was higher than3%( wt),the surface contact angle of thermoplastic oxidized starch / SiO2 decreased to52.5o,while its moisture absorption rate increased to33. 8%. The main reason maybe the physics morphology of oxidized starch particles played an important factor on its hydrophobic performance. The morphology of oxidized starch / SiO2 presented a micro-porous structure,which was favored to absorbent the moisture. When the content of NBR and PU was higher than5%( wt),a continuous structure of composites could be achieved. Due to the physical cover realized an isolation effect of oxidized starch particle,an improvement of61.7osurface contact angle values of the TPOS / NBR was gained. The result illuminated physical coating oxidation starch by NBR latex is a novel and effective method to prepare hydrophobic starch.

关 键 词： 氧化淀粉 疏水性 纳米二氧化硅 丁腈橡胶 聚氨酯 复合材料

领　　域： [一般工业技术]