作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 暨南大学医学院

出　　处： 《残疾人研究》 2011年第3期41-45,共5页

摘　　要： 目的分析我国因工伤导致残疾的现况及其流行病学特征,针对工伤导致残疾的原因提出因伤致残的预防策略。方法利用2006年第二次全国残疾人抽样调查数据,提取其中因工伤导致残疾的全部数据,应用流行病学和医学统计学方法进行描述与分析。结果全国因二二伤导致残疾的现患率为218/10万,占总体残疾人的3.40%。残疾类别以肢体残疾比例最高(59.63%),其次是听力残疾(39.12%)和智力残疾(1.25%);残疾等级以四级和三级为主,分别占55.53%、31.88%;男性的工伤致残现患率高于女性(分别为349.61/10万与81.93/10万,x^2=2083.95,P<0.001),城镇人口的现患率高于农村人口(分别为274.43/10万与188.88/10万,x^2=189.88,P<0.001);因工伤致残者以15～54岁青壮年所占的比例最高(占76.97%);河北的工伤导致残疾现患率最高(340.80/10万),云南和海南最低(110～111/10万)。结论我国因工伤导致的残疾状况不容忽视,工伤致残者在全部因伤害导致残疾者中占21.02%。工伤主要导致肢体残疾和听力残疾,男性、15～54岁年龄组、城镇人口是工伤致残的主要高危人群,不同地区工伤导致残疾的情况不尽相同,亟需针对工伤致残的原因进一步做好残疾预防工作。 Objective analyze the situation and epidemiological feature of people with disability caused by work-injury in China and provide the scientific basis for its prevention and control.Method The epidemiological and medical statistics were used to analyze the data of work injury-caused disabilities from the second national sampling survey on disabilities.Result The overall prevalence of disability caused by work injury was 218/100,000,accounting for 3.40%of the disabled.Physical disability and hearing disability accounted for 59.63%and 39.12%of all the work injury-caused disability respectively,while those ranked disability Grade IV and III made up the overwhelming majority(55.53%and 31.88%respectively).There were significant differences in the distribution of work injury-caused disability among different gender(χ~2=2 083.59,P<0.001) and census register(χ~2= 2 161.74,P<0.001).Men and urban residents had higher risk of encountering a work injury-caused disability.People aged 14-54 were high risk group of work injury disability, which occupied 76.97%in all age groups.The prevalence of disability caused by work injury in Hebei is 340.80/100,000,which was highest in all provinces,the lowest one was yunnan and Hainan(110-111/100, 000).Conclusion The problem raised by work injury caused disability in China cannot be ignored,which occupied 21.02%of all disability caused by injury.Physical disability and hearing disability were the two major types.Age,gender,census register and region were factors related to injury-caused disability and differentaimed strategy should be worked out to decrease the work injury-caused disability in China.

关 键 词： 工伤 残疾 现况调查 危险因素 预防

领　　域： [经济管理] [社会学]