作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学

出　　处： 《人民珠江》 1992年第6期15-20,共6页

摘　　要： 中国南方水土流失大致可分为两种,即散流侵蚀和沟谷侵蚀。红土区多属沟谷侵蚀。从上而下分集水盆、沟谷和冲积扇三部分。集水盆盆边四周常形成一道崩塌小崖,称为“崩口”或“崩岗”,雨季大量崩塌沙泥,由沟谷挑出,并在谷口形成冲积扇;冲积扇可摧毁房屋、禾田、道路和河流。在花岗岩区,红土层可分四层,即红土层、沙土层、石卵层和风化基岩。土壤侵蚀如发育在红土层上,则成为崩口型(德庆型),如果红土层已被蚀去,发育在沙土层上,则成为沟谷型(五华型),如二层皆被蚀去,则发育成为“石蛋地形”,散流作用为主了。 Types of soil erosion in South China are divided into two. One is the sheet erosion and the other is the gully erosion. In the red soil regions, the gully erosion happens according to the gully landform including the catchment basin, the red earth layer make a cliff around the catchment basin. This is called the 'crumble mouth' or the 'crumble hills'. During rain season, a large volume of sand and silt will flood down from the gullies and make an alluvial fan at the mouth of the gullies. This new fan will distroy houses, paddy fields, roads and rivers. In the granite hills regions, red earth layers are divided into four layers. They are the red earth layer, the sandy layer, the pebble layer and the bed rocks layer in weathering. According to this, the soil erosion is divided into two types. They are: the Deqing type, the erosion of which begins at the red earth layer; the Wuhua type, the soil erosion of which happens in the sandy layer where the red earth layer has eroded out, The first type is called the crumble mouth type and the second is called the gully type. If this two layers are eroded out, the gullies can't develop on the land surface. The sheet flow becomes the dominant force of the soil erosion. At this stage, the pebbles landform appears.

关 键 词： 南中国 红土层 花岗岩区 水土流失 德庆型 五华型

领　　域： [水利工程]