作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东海洋大学水产学院

出　　处： 《海洋与湖沼》 2014年第2期314-321,共8页

摘　　要： 运用组织学显微观察方法,以徐闻珊瑚礁保护区澄黄滨珊瑚(Porites lutea)、大管孔珊瑚(Goniopora djiboutiensis)和丛生盔形珊瑚(Galaxea fascicularis)为研究对象,研究了其性腺发育周期、配子排放时间和有性繁殖类型和繁殖力。结果表明:澄黄滨珊瑚和大管孔珊瑚的繁殖类型为排出配子体外受精的雌雄异体型,丛生盔形珊瑚为排出配子体外受精的雌雄同体型。3种珊瑚的配子发育均为年发育周期,可划分为4个时相。澄黄滨珊瑚卵母细胞发育始于11月底12月初,经5—6个月发育成熟;精巢在2月中下旬开始发育,经3—4个月发育成熟。大管孔珊瑚卵母细胞发育始于9月中旬,经8—9个月发育成熟;精巢在3月初开始发育,至5月底发育成熟。丛生盔形珊瑚卵母细胞发育始于8月中旬至9月初,经9—10个月发育成熟,精巢在11月开始发育,但卵母细胞发育成熟时精巢并未发育成熟。3种珊瑚排卵时间集中在5—6月份,澄黄滨珊瑚从5月初持续到月底,大管孔珊瑚从5月中旬持续到6月底,丛生盔形珊瑚从5月底持续到6月中旬。珊瑚生殖腺螅体内脂质含量随着生殖腺的发育成熟而逐渐升高,3种珊瑚螅体内脂质含量差异显著(P<0.05)。大管孔珊瑚和丛生盔形珊瑚与澄黄滨珊瑚比较,成熟卵母细胞直径较大、单个螅体内成熟生殖腺和单个生殖腺卵母细胞数量均较多,而单位面积内螅体数量较少。3种珊瑚单位面积螅体内所含的总卵母细胞数量差异不显著。 Gonad development cycle, releasing times of gametes, sexual reproductiontypes, and fecundity of three Scleractinian species, Poritelutea, Gonioporadjiboutiensis, and Galaxeafascicularis, were studied in the coral reef off Xuwen Natural Preserve, Guangdong, South China Sea, by histological analysis. The results show that the sexual reproductionof P. lutea and G. djiboutiensiswere dioecious and fertilized externally after releasing gametes,while G. fascicularis was simultaneous hermaphrodites and is fertilized externally after released gametes. Gamete development cycle of three Scleractinian species could divided into four temporal phases. In detail, three species were shown in an annual gametogenic cycle. The oocytes development phase of Poritesluteaoccurred between late November and early December, and oocytes developed over 4—6 months. Testes occurred in mid-February and developed in 3—4 months. For Gonioporadjiboutiensis, oocytes occurred in mid-September to the early December and developed in 8—10 months; testes occurred in early March and matured in late May. For Galaxeafascicularis, oocytes occurred in mid-August and early-September and oocytes developed in 9—10 months; testes occurred during November, buttestes remained immature when oocytes became matured. The spawning of three species took place in May to June. Poritesluteaspawned in May,Gonioporadjiboutiensis in mid-May to late June, and Galaxeafascicularis in late May to mid-June. The reproduction time of three species was in May and June by histological observation. The lipid content of corals increased as gonad developed; however, among the three species, the increase was significantly different(P<0.05). The average diameter of oocytes and number of eggs per matured gonad and number of gonads per polyp is greater in Gonioporadjiboutiensis and Galaxeafascicularis than in Poriteslutea, while the number of oocytes in polyp per unit area showed no significant difference among them.

关 键 词： 性腺发育 繁殖类型 繁殖力 珊瑚

领　　域： [农业科学]