作　　者： ; ; ; (马雅敏）;

机构地区： 湖南农业大学

出　　处： 《湖南农业科学》 2013年第5期91-94,共4页

摘　　要： 介绍了一种能可靠评价消毒方法的体系,即先用含链霉素培养基(LBS)筛选出耐链霉素的菌株,再用耐药细菌与西瓜种子拌种或人工接种于西瓜果实,将带菌种子用不同的化学消毒剂消毒,LBS分离后经PCR检测证实其为西瓜果斑病菌。应用此评价体系对已报告的种子消毒方案进行了筛选。结果表明:4%盐酸处理20 min、2%甲醛处理30 min、温度75℃处理48 h,消毒效果均为100%,且对西瓜种子发芽与活力均无显著影响,符合检疫消毒要求,建议在生产上推广使用。辐照强度8 000~10 000 Gy时也可完全杀灭细菌,但对种子发芽有显著抑制作用。辐照强度6 000 Gy或低于6 000 Gy以及次氯酸钠、次氯酸钙和过氧化氢在推荐的浓度和时间处理不能完全杀灭病菌,不宜推广应用。 A reliable evaluation system for disinfection method was introduced,which screening resistant strains for streptomycin on LBS medium with streptomycin at first,then the streptomycin-resistant bacteria mixed with watermelon seed or artificial inoculation in watermelon fruits,and then the contaminated seeds were treated with different chemical disinfectants in different time durations,and finally evaluating effects of individual treatments by counting colonies on LBS plate after isolation.The identities of those colonies were confirmed as Acidovorax citrulli by specific primer colony-PCR technique.The evaluation system was applied to screen the reported seed disinfection methods.The results showed that treating seeds with 4% hydrochloric acid for 20 min or with 2% formaldehyde for 30 min,then were put under high temperature of 75℃ for 48 h,the disinfection effect all can reach 100% without any adverse effect on seed germination and seedling viability of watermelon.Those three methods are recommendable in the watermelon production for they meet the requirements of disinfection in quarantine.On the other hand,irradiation at the intensity of 8 000-10 000 Gy can completely kill the bacteria,but the seed germination was significantly inhibited.Irradiation at the intensity 6 000 Gy or below,and chemical such as sodium hypochlorite,calcium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide at recommended concentration and time,can not completely kill bacteria so that they are not suitable for applying in practice.

关 键 词： 西瓜果斑病菌 种子消毒 植物检疫 评价体系

领　　域： [农业科学]