作　　者： ;

机构地区： 约克大学

出　　处： 《公共行政评论》 2008年第4期31-57,197-198,共29页

摘　　要： 本文讨论了21个OECD国家在1980年到2001年不同的福利改革轨迹。为了说明"福利国家转变"的多维度特征,本文探讨了社会保障支出、去商品化(和社会分层)以及福利成果这三个领域中众多的宏观统计指标的动态,使用了总计12个不同的指标(每个领域4个),并把这些领域的分析结果整合成一个"福利国家转变"的指数。该实证研究表明,OECD在20世纪最后20年里出现大范围的福利国家消解现象这一观点颇为言过其实。不过,"福利反弹"的理论也一样不甚可靠。事实上,在该时期内一些国家确实缩减了福利支出,一些维持稳定,而另一些则明显地扩张了。有趣的是,艾斯平-安达森的福利国家分类框架并不足以解释这些截然不同的改革轨迹。 This paper discusses the different welfare reform trajectories in 21 OECD countries between 1980 and 2001. To account for the multidimensional character of 'welfare state change', it explores the dynamics of numerous macro-statistical indicators in three domains: social security expenditure, decommodification/stratification and welfare outcomes-using a total of 12 different indicators (four for each domain). The individual findings for these domains are integrated into an index of 'welfare state change'. The empirical findings suggest that notion of broad welfare state retrenchment across the OECD in the last two decades of the 20th century are somewhat overstated. The same is-however-true for the 'welfare resilience' thesis. While some countries were indeed retrenched in the course of the observed period of times, others remained stable, while some expanded welfare noticeably. Interestingly, Esping-Andersen’s (1990) welfare state regimes types do not provide a sufficient explanation of these different reform trajectories.

关 键 词： 福利国家 福利国家消解 福利反弹 国家 去商品化

领　　域： [政治法律] [政治法律]