作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学天然气利用研究中心

出　　处： 《中外能源》 2012年第2期18-22,共5页

摘　　要： "十二五"期间中国15.7万亿元的增量经济大部分将在新规划的新区实现,但从各地正在规划和建设的新区情况来看,缺少从一次能源到终端需求的冷、热、电、汽全过程高效联供的分布式供能规划。据推算,若"十二五"期间新区能效不变,工业和建筑物燃料需求将增加3×108t标煤/a,而这显然是不可能的。新规划区域能源模式创新、提高能效是"十二五"中国经济发展的关键,采用天然气分布式冷热电联供能源系统(DES/CCHP),可使能源终端供应能效成倍提高。"十二五"期间中国必须从区域经济发展的能源保障高度来规划分布式冷热电联供,规划决策中要按照具体情况,以经济性、能效和碳排放指标是否最优为判据。CCHP可以调峰换取电价,实现互利双赢。制订区域DES/CCHP规划时应注意区域能源规划先行,摆脱热电联产的思维定势,树立冷热电联供的科学理念,不可忽视向居民供应生活热水起到的提高能效的作用,以及如何确定电力负荷、装机容量和节能减排指标等问题。 During the Twelfth Five Year Plan period,most of the 1.57 billion yuan economic increment in China will come from newly planned residential communities.However,as far as the new communities under planning and construction across the country are concerned,there has been no efficient distributed combined cooling,heating,power(CCHP) and steam generation system in place which links the primary energy source and the end user need.Estimates show that if the energy efficiency of these new communities remain unchanged during the Twelfth Five Year Plan period,the fuel demand from industrial consumers and buildings will rise by 3×108t of coal equivalent per year.This,however,is obviously impossible.Innovation in the way how energy is consumed and improved energy efficiency of newly planned communities will be the key to maintaining healthy growth of the Chinese economy during the Twelfth Five Year Plan period.Introducing natural gas-based distributed energy system and combined cooling,heating and power generation(DES/CCHP) can multiply the energy efficiency of energy supply terminals.During the Twelfth Five Year Plan period,China must plan distributed combined cooling,heating and power generation systems to ensure energy security for regional economic growth and endeavor to achieve the optimum economic viability,energy efficiency and carbon emission index in making decisions.CCHP can provide peak-shaving to exchange for preferential electricity prices to achieve a win-win scenario.When making DES/CCHP plans,priority should be given to regional energy planning and the combined heating and power generation thinking set must be shaken off and the scientific concept of CCHP must be established.The role of hot water supply to residents in raising energy efficiency should not be neglected.Other key issues include how power load,installed generating capacity and energy saving and emission reduction indices should be determined.

关 键 词： 增量经济 分布式冷热电联供 经济性 能效 碳排放 调峰 规划决策

领　　域： [经济管理]