作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所

出　　处： 《水产学报》 2004年第3期241-244,共4页

摘　　要： 从网上查询获得鳟微卫星标记30对,并对乌苏里江哲罗鱼的基因组进行遗传多样性分析,结果筛选出10对具多态性的微卫星标记。并用其中6对微卫星引物对17尾乌苏里江哲罗鱼进行基因组DNA扫描检测。用2%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测微卫星标记的PCR扩增产物,并对扩增结果进行了统计分析,计算了6个基因座的等位基因频率、杂合度等。结果表明,乌苏里江哲罗鱼等位基因频率为0.0455～0.7857,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.2801～0.6351,杂合度(H)为0.3368～0.6563。统计结果初步表明乌苏里江哲罗鱼的遗传多样性程度处于中等偏下水平。同时,结合资源量下降的事实,建议在保护遗传多样性的前提下对其采取人工繁殖和放流的方法增加其种群数量。 Hucho taimen, a kind of cold water fish, is mainly distributed in Huma branch of Heilongjiang River, upper reaches of Wusuli River and Hanasi Lake of Xingjiang Uighur Autonomous Region. In recent years, the number of its population extremely decreased due to environmental deterioration, intense capture and so on. In a word, this treasure species has been considered as one of the endangered species in China. So, it is very urgent for researchers to protect this fish with effective methods as soon as possible. However, the first thing should be done is to learn about genetic diversity of its natural population, then, to take some valuable measures to restore its population. Now, molecular markers are very useful tools in estimation of germplasm resources, variety identification and preparation of genetic linkage map. Oncorhynchus mykiss were obtained from nucleotide web sites and designed primers (Primer 3.0) by their flanking sequHucho taimen in Wusuli River by using PCR method. As a result, 10 microsatellite markeHucho taimen, and of which 6 markers were assessed genetic diversity for 17 individuals. The PCR products were electrophoresed by 2% agarose gel, and the data like allelic frequencies and heterozygosities were calculated and analyzed by statistic method. As a consequence, the data showed that allelic frequency ranges from 0.0455 to 0.7857, PIC value (polymorphism information content) from 0.2801 to 0.6351, and heterozygosity from 0.3368 to 0.6563. All of these indices indicated that genetic dHucho taimen was not inspiring at present. Therefore, considering the reduction of its populations, this research aimed at attracting much attention to protecting its genetic diversity. According to the findings, it is suggestted to enlarge its population naturally through artificially reproduced exiling. Meanwhile, make sure the size of effective breeding population more than 200 individuals, in order to avoid the occurrence of genetic 'bottle neck'.

关 键 词： 哲罗鱼 微卫星标记 遗传多样性 乌苏里江

领　　域： [生物学] [农业科学] [农业科学]