作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 北京师范大学资源学院环境演变与自然灾害实验室

出　　处： 《自然灾害学报》 2005年第6期125-132,共8页

摘　　要： 随着社会的发展,人们对生命的重视程度日益增强,大型公共场所临灾情况下人员疏散问题的研究也越来越有实际意义。分析以往影剧院火灾事故可以发现,不正确的疏散逃生行为所引起的通道堵塞,是导致人员大量伤亡的一个主要原因。根据系统动力学原理,应用STELLA系统软件,建立了基于粗网络模型的人员疏散模型。以影剧院发生火灾为例,分析了采取不同疏散策略所产生的避难效果差异,找出了最佳的疏散策略。所提研究方法和建立的模型,对于合理设计疏散路线和优化建筑物的出口与通道结构具有一定的实用价值。 With the development of society,the attention paid to lives is increasing.It is crucial to study on evacuation strategy in the public places.By analyzing the past fire accidents in theatre,it was found that the jam of aisles induced by incorrect evacuation is the one of main causes resulting in the great loss of lives.Obviously,designing optimal evacuation strategy is significant to reduce the quantity of personal injury and death.According to the systems dynamics principle,the study developed an evacuation model based on coarse network model.A theatre was selected as the case building.Five different evacuating strategies was designed and the evacuation was simulated by the new developed model.The result shows that the second strategy is the best one compared with other strategies to reduce evacuation times.The method used in the study is helpful to further study on evacuation strategy optimization.

关 键 词： 系统动力学 粗网络模型 人员疏散模拟 影剧院火灾 疏散策略

领　　域： [自动化与计算机技术] [自动化与计算机技术] [环境科学与工程]